应用物理学毕业设计（论文）-超声光栅效应及应用论文.doc

本科毕业设计论文 2008年6摘 要 (如频率、波速、波长、声压衰减、相位等) 等进行测量。随着激光技术的发展,声光相互作用在控制光的强度、传播方向等方面又得到了新的应用，因此越来越受到人们的关注。 本文研究了液体中声光相互作用的机理，包括介质中声波的传播形式、声光相互作用的类型，着重研究了声光拉曼-奈斯衍射的机理，以及声光拉曼-奈斯衍射在超声声速和液体浓度测量中的应用。 理论和实验研究结果表明:（1）对于同一种入射光，在相同浓度的液体中，存在一超声频率使得衍射的级数最多，衍射的条纹亮度最高,此应恰好是超声换能器的共振频率，该频率应在10.30MHz附近。（2）利用高压汞灯不同谱线测量得到超声声速值与公认值比较符合，测量精度较高。（3）利用He-Ne激光作为光源，测得的声速值与公认值差别较大。此由于激光强度大，衍射光斑尺寸大，测量衍射条纹间距时精度较低的原因。 关键词：  Ultrasonic grating effect and application Abstract The ultrasonic grating effect is one typical type of acousto-optic interaction , in the case of small range coverage of Acousto-optic , when the light wave passes through the medium, the medium refractive index forms spatial periodicity distribution which is not along with the time variation approximately, when therefore light wave through this periodic distributed medium , its phase will receive the modulation. The ultrasonic grating is the real-time diffraction grating which may clean, its constant may be controlled through the frequency of ultrasonic wave, using the technology of ultrasonic grating can calculate the characteristic of sound wave ,such as the frequency, the wave velocity, the wave length, more weaken sound pressure, the phase. Along with Laser Technology development, the acousto-optic interaction also obtained the new application in control of light intensity, the direction of propagation , therefore more and more people pay an attention to it. This article researches the mechanism of acousto-optic interaction in liquid, including dissemination form of sound wave in medium, the type of Acousto-optic interaction , putting an emphasis on studying acousto-optic Raman - Nath diffraction mechanism, and acousto-optic Raman - Nath diffraction is applied to the sonic speed and the density of fluid. The result of the theory and the experimental study indicated:(1) The identical incident light in same density liquid makes diffraction progression more under an ultrasonic frequency and makes diffraction stripe brighter,