条件变量.doc

?条件变量 概述 条件变量提供 了另一个线程同步的方法，当mutex通过控制存取数据来实现线程同步时，条件变量允许线程基于实际的变量值来实现线程同步。 没有条件变量，开发者需要线程不停的轮询以查询条件是否满足，因为线程要不停的忙等，会消耗很多资源。条件变量就是不用轮询而能达到同样目的方法。 条件变量总是与mutex锁联系在一起。 下面是一个使用条件变量的代表性序列 Main Thread o??????????????????????????????? 申明和初始化需要同步的全局数据/变量（比如：count） o??????????????????????????????? 申明和初始化一个条件变量对象 o??????????????????????????????? 申明和初始化相关联的mutex o??????????????????????????????? 创建threads A 和B并运行它们 Thread A o??????????????????????????????? Do work up to the point where a certain condition must occur (such as count must reach a specified value) o??????????????????????????????? Lock associated mutex and check value of a global variable o??????????????????????????????? Call pthread_cond_wait() to perform a blocking wait for signal from Thread-B. Note that a call to pthread_cond_wait() automatically and atomically unlocks the associated mutex variable so that it can be used by Thread-B. o??????????????????????????????? When signalled, wake up. Mutex is automatically and atomically locked. o??????????????????????????????? Explicitly unlock mutex o??????????????????????????????? Continue Thread B o??????????????????????????????? Do work o??????????????????????????????? Lock associated mutex o??????????????????????????????? Change the value of the global variable that Thread-A is waiting upon. o??????????????????????????????? Check value of the global Thread-A wait variable. If it fulfills the desired condition, signal Thread-A. o??????????????????????????????? Unlock mutex. o??????????????????????????????? Continue Main Thread Join / Continue ? 条件变量 创建和销毁条件变量 函数: pthread_cond_init (condition,attr) pthread_cond_destroy (condition) pthread_condattr_init (attr) pthread_condattr_destroy (attr) 用法: 条件变量必须用pthread_cond_t 类型来声明，而且在使用之前必须初始化。在这里有两种方法初始化条件变量: 静态的方式初始化，例如： pthread_cond_t myconvar = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER; 动态的方式，利用pthread_cond_init()进行初始化，被创建的条件变量ID通过condition 参数返回给调用线程。这种方法允许条件变量设置属性attr 。 可选的attr 用来设置条件变量属性，对于条件变量，这