昆明地区昭觉林蛙生殖及附属器官的年周期变化.pdfVIP

动 物 学 研 究 2008，Feb. 29 1 ：89－94 CN 53-1040/Q ISSN 0254-5853 Zoological Research 昆明地区昭觉林蛙生殖及附属器官的年周期变化 * 周 伟 , 李 旭, 吴建普, 李凤莲, 李明会 西南林学院 保护生物学学院， 云南省高校森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室，云南 昆明 650224 摘要：解剖2006年4—12月自昆明东北郊采集到的体长大于40.0mm 的昭觉林蛙 Rana chaochiaoensis 标本73只 ♀39, ♂34 ，测量其体长、体重、肝重、脂肪体重、卵巢重、精巢重、输卵管重和直径、卵径等。以体长 或体重 为协变量做协方差分析 ANCOVA ，结果显示，输卵管直径、卵径，雌性的肝重、脂肪体重、卵巢重和输卵管重 和雄性的精巢重在年周期内差异极显著。相关性检验显示，雌性卵巢重分别与肝重、输卵管重、输卵管直径、卵 径均显著正相关，即它们的发育完全同步，但与脂肪体重不相关。各月雌体卵巢重和雄体精巢重的发育极显著正 相关，即雄性与雌性的性腺发育同步。据解剖、检验分析及野外观察结果分析证明，昆明地区昭觉林蛙的繁殖时 间在10月完成，且一年只有一个繁殖期。脂肪体在雌性个体生殖腺发育过程中起供能作用。在卵巢发育过程中， 肝供能作用不明显，但在雌性个体抱对和产卵过程中起供能作用。在雄性性腺发育的过程中，肝和脂肪体的供能 作用不如雌性明显，耗能极低。可见昭觉林蛙雄性个体的生殖投入少于雌性个体。一些雌性个体推迟冬眠时间， 主要是为觅食和补充能量，以便安全越冬。此外，新生昭觉林蛙蝌蚪期在冬季度过，随后的发育和变态面临旱季 缺水环境。所以，加强对昭觉林蛙产卵高峰期、蝌蚪越冬期和渡过干旱缺水期等生活周期中脆弱环节的环境保护， 有利于种群的延续。 关键词：昭觉林蛙；生殖器官；脂肪体；年周期变化 中图分类号：Q959.5 ；Q492 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0254-5853- 2008 01-0089-06 Annual Changes in Reproductive and Accompanying Organs of Rana chaochiaoensis in the Kunming Area * ZHOU Wei , LI Xu, WU Jiang-pu, LI Feng-lian, LI Ming-hui Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry College; Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Higher Education Institutions, Kunming 650224, China Abstract: Seventy-three specimens ♀39, ♂34 of Ranna chaochiaoensis whose snout-vent length was more than 40 mm were collected during April to December of 2006 from a northeast suburb of Kunming. Their snout-vent length, body weight, liver and body fat, weight of ovary and spermary, weight and diameter of oviduct, and diameter of egg measurements were taken. The results were analyzed by ANOVA with the length of the snout-vent or weight of body as the covariate factor, showed that there were significant differences in the diameter of the oviduct and egg; weight of liver, body fat, ovary and oviduct in females and weight of spermary in males. The results of the correlation test showed that weight of ovaries had a significant positive correlation with the weight