一种面向差错容忍应用数字系统故障关键性评估方法.pdfVIP

一种面向差错容忍应用的数字系统故障关键性评估方法 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 方运潭 ，李华伟 ，李晓维 (1. 中国科学院计算机系统结构重点实验室，北京 100190； 2. 中国科学院计算技术研究所，北京 100190； 3. 中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049) 摘 要 随着集成电路工艺尺寸的进一步缩小，制造出可靠或功能完全正确的数字电路越来越困难，设计成 本越来越高，系统可扩展性也面临着挑战。同时，多媒体和通信领域的应用以及一些新型应用本身可以容忍 部分差错，这使得差错容忍的计算成为一种新的计算模式。不同于缺陷容忍和故障容忍，差错容忍依据应用 特性放松了对电路输出的正确性要求。本文从差错容忍的角度提出了一种跨层次故障关键性评估方法。以一 款H.264/AVC 视频解码器为例，评估发现不同的功能模块内的故障由于其产生的差错对应用的影响程度不同 而具有不同的重要程度，同一个模块内的故障也具有不同的重要程度。故障关键性的评估能够指导测试以提 高成品率，并减少可靠性设计所需的成本。 Fault Criticality Evaluation Framework of Digital Systems for Error Tolerant Applications FANG Yuntan1,2,3，LI Huawei1,2，LI Xiaowei1,2 (1. Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 2. Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract Error tolerance is evolving into a new computing paradigm with further technology scaling, cost constraint, system scalability and emerging applications. Distinguished from defect tolerance and fault tolerance, error tolerance is based on application characteristics and relaxes the constraint of 100 percent functional correctness. From the viewpoint of error tolerance, this paper proposes a framework across multiple layers for fault criticality evaluation. Furthermore, taking an H.264/AVC decoder as an example, fault injection experiments demonstrate that for different functional modules, the faults in them bear different fault criticalities because of their unbalanced effects on applications; the faults in the same module also have divers