Unit 5 Conservation of Momentum.ppt

Unit 5: Conservation of Momentum Force and Momentum and Conservation of Momentum (9-1,9-2, 9-3) Collisions (9-4, 9-5, 9-6) Collisions, Center of Mass (9-7,9-8) Catch-up, Rocket Propulsion, and Quiz Three Review (9-9,9-10) Schedule No class Friday, March 30th! Next test Friday, April 6th Please, work on your problems sets and extra credit. If you need information to compute your grade send email or see me at my office! Conservation Laws There are many conservation laws, we’ve already discussed Conservation of Energy. In this course we will also discuss Conservation of Momentum Conservation of Angular Momentum Many others: charge, baryon number, lepton number…all are a consequence of some fundamental symmetry of nature. When we combine the conservation of energy, momentum, and angular momentum we can beautifully describe complex systems of objects. Momentum Linear momentum is a deceptively simple quantity equal to the product of an object’s mass, m, and velocity, v: p=mv Properties of momentum A vector with same direction as the velocity, which requires a reference frame Magnitude equal to mv, increases linearly with m and with velocity. SI unit is kg-m/s but carries no explicit name. Newton actually did have a name he called it “the quantity of motion”. (Easy to see why it didn’t stick!) Force and Momentum A force is required to change magnitude or direction of momentum with respect to time. Actually this is similar to Newton’s original statement of the 2nd Law: The rate of change of momentum of an object is equal to the net force applied to it. Or in symbols: A quick derivation shows the two versions of the 2nd law are equivalent: Note we assumed that the mass was constant! Actually the equality of the force to the change of momentum is more general and useful. For instance, if we allow the mass to change we can describe propulsion … Example: Water Hitting a Car Water leaves a hose and hits a car at a rate of 1.5 kg/s and a speed of +20 m/s. What is the for