Chapter 4 Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation.ppt

Chapter 4 Cross-Cultural Communication and Negotiation Chapter 4(1)- Cross-Cultural Communication…2 Chapter 4(2)- Conflict Negotiation…27 Chapter 4(1)- Cross-Cultural Communication Functions of Communication Communication is the exchange of meaning. In organizations, it has several functions: Affecting Behavior – through both formal and informal channels Emotional expression - fulfillment of social needs Information - facilitating decision making The Communication Process What do you see in the poster? A small class exercise Perceiver Effects on Perception Culture Personality Values Attitudes Motives Interests Past experiences Expectations Perception, Attitudes,and Personality Culturally based stereotypes Swiss: punctual Germans: task–oriented Americans: energetic People who hold these stereotypes experience surprises when they meet people from these countries who do not fit the stereotypes Perception, Attitudes, and Personality (Cont.) Culturally based stereotypes (cont.) Project aspects of own culture onto people and situations in a different culture Assumes that the new culture mirrors their own Example: Korean manager visiting Sweden assumes all women seated behind desks are secretaries Such behavior would be inappropriate and possibly dysfunctional in Sweden where many women hold management positions Helpful Stereotyping A stereotype can become helpful when it is Consciously held: people are aware it describes a group norm and not individual characteristic Descriptive rather evaluative: how people are, not whether they’re good or bad Accurate: based on data or sufficient experience First best guess: about a group, before acquiring specific information on individuals Dynamic Flexible: modifiable according to further observation and experience with concrete situations Types of Communication Verbal: Oral Face-to-face Distant (phone, video) Written Print Electronic Non-Verbal Overall Communication Process Verbal Communication Styles Context Information th