ChinaShandong ProvinceAssessment of FGD Projects.ppt

China/Shandong ProvinceAssessment of FGD Projects Presentation Outline Provincial SO2 compliance plan FGD technology readiness Environmental monitoring Introduction of emissions trading Shandong Province/SO2 compliance plan Plan developed in response to: GB 13223-2003 which specifies maximum emission rate for plants above 65 tons/hr; and China’s “Two Control Zones” policy setting SO2 emission ceilings for each Province. It includes 72 desulfurization projects by 2007 Assessment: Plan based on command-and-control regulation (GB 13223-2003) Cost-effectiveness not taken into account Emission cap for 2005 has not been met Recommendations Develop detail source inventory Refine plan to reflect cost-effectiveness In the mean time, implement desulfurization in large power plants FGD Technology Readiness About 200 FGD suppliers in China, but less than 10 have FGDs operating from more than 2 years SO2 reduction efficiency: 80-95% FGD prices: 200-250 RMB/kW (25-30 $/kW)! Factors affecting FGD prices in China: Design simplifications (e.g., no forced oxidation) Use of carbon steel instead of stainless steel in absorber Cheaper and manually-applied absorber lining Cheap auxiliary components Low labor cost FGD Technology Readiness –Cont. Issues: Questionable product quality and reliability Are such prices sustainable? If so, what are the associated OM costs (due to high maintenance)? Recommendations Strict pre-qualification criteria Minimum design and quality requirements (e.g., minimum thickness lining) Thorough bid evaluation Performance and reliability guarantees Emission Monitoring Shandong has made significant progress, but more is needed 37 CEMs in operation; 92 are expected by the end of 2006 Modern Monitoring Center already in operation Air Quality Monitoring Shandong has 71 monitoring stations in 17 cities Primary objective: monitor urban air pollution, but it is not clear whether this can be done effectively Emission Trading Workshop: Introduction to Emissions Trad