Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells.ppt

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells AHMP 5406 Objectives: Discuss the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular components Describe the basic structure of mammalian eukaryotic cells Discuss the different nutritional classes Explain the endosymbiotic theory and development of organelles in the Euk. cell Compare and contrast the genome organization of prokaryotes versus eukaryotes Compare the different ways new genes are generated from existing genes Explain why the human genome is complex Objectives: Discuss the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular components Describe the basic structure of mammalian eukaryotic cells Discuss the different nutritional classes Explain the endosymbiotic theory and development of organelles in the Euk. cell Compare and contrast the genome organization of prokaryotes versus eukaryotes Compare the different ways new genes are generated from existing genes Explain why the human genome is complex Features All Cells Share Hereditary info stored in DNA Proteins are used as catalysts DNA replication occurs through templated polymerization Hereditary info transcribed into RNA RNA translated into protein Later we will discuss these things in greater detail From DNA to Protein(Why is this eukaryotic?) Prokaryotic cells: No membrane bound organelles Simple genome organization Genes usually do not have introns Between 500 and 4000 genes M. genitalium has 477 genes Great degree of diversity Unicellular Mycoplasma genitalium Eukaryotic cells All organelles are membrane-bound Complex genome organization Large genome size Between 6,000 and 30,000 genes Genes have introns Where is the genetic diversity? Large amount of regulatory DNA To control gene expression High degree of genetic redundancy Unicellular or multicellular Objectives: Discuss the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular components Describe the basic structure of mammalian eukaryotic cells Discuss the different nutrition