Math Modeling Final ProjectAPPLICATIONS of FRACTALS.ppt

Math Modeling Final ProjectAPPLICATIONS of FRACTALS Advisor: Professor Alber Fang Qi Pu Wan Xue Rui FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION * * FRACTAL LANDSCAPES FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION Review: Two important properties of a fractal F F has detail at every level. F is exactly, approximately or statistically self-similar. Fractals are now used in many forms to create textured landscapes and other intricate models. It is possible to create all sorts of realistic fractal forgeries, images of natural scenes, such as lunar landscapes, mountain ranges and coastlines. This is seen in many special effects within Hollywood movies and also in television advertisements. Fractal Landscapes A fractal landscape created by Professor Ken Musgrave (Copyright: Ken Musgrave) A fractal planet. Simulation process First: Already known The average of the 2 neighbor blue points plus r The average of the 4 neighbor red points plus r This random value r is normally distributed and scaled by a factor d1 related to the original d by d is the scale constant.H is the smoothness constant. We can now carry out exactly the same procedure on each of the four smaller squares, continuing for as long as we like, but where we make the scaling factor at each stage smaller and smaller; by doing this we ensure that as we look closer into the landscape, the bumps in the surface will become smaller, just as for a real landscape. The scaling factor at stage n is dn, given by Simulation result by MATLAB Using a 64x64 grid and H=1.25d=15 What is Fractal Image Compression ? The output images converge to the Sierpinski triangle. This final image is called attractor for this photocopying machine. Any initial image will be transformed to the attractor if we repeatedly run the machine. On the other words, the attractor for this machine is always the same image without regardless of the initial image. This feature is one of the keys to the fractal image compression. How can we describe behavior of th