《汉书》论赞的研究.doc

摘 要  摘  要  《汉书》作为我国第一部纪传体断代史，其宗旨是保存历史文献、宣扬汉德。《汉 书》“赞曰”是《汉书》论赞的主要表现形式，而《汉书》的论赞部分不论是从量上还 是从质上，在整部《汉书》中都占有举足轻重的地位。从量上，《汉书》“赞曰”的字 数为 2.4 万余字约占整部《汉书》总字数 80 万余字的 3%，与《史记》“太史公曰”1.6 万余字约占整部《史记》总字数 52 万余字的 3%大体相当；从质上，通过对《汉书》论 赞部分的整体把握、逐篇阅读分析又与《史记》论赞内容上比较研究，《汉书》论赞在 史书论赞体例上的贡献是巨大的，起到了承前启后的关键作用。《汉书》“赞曰”一律 位于篇末，形式、风格、体例一致，后世史书多以《汉书》“赞曰”的形式为规范。《汉 书》论赞受其时代的影响，作者班固在许多地方表现出尊汉、宣汉的思想；以“五德终 始”为次序的正统观；以阴阳灾异与天人感应的天命观；以及尊经尚儒的学术思想。而 在论赞的内容方面则表现出寓戒褒贬、补传文不足、评价人物与史事的得失和抒发作者 的感慨。此外《汉书》论赞除了在形式上影响史学外，其精神、内容与作用也对后世产 生了深远的影响。重视历史、尊重良史信史，以及戒鉴世人的史学精神，能够延续两千 多年，《汉书》“论赞”功不可没。 关键词 《汉书》论赞 班固 思想 I Abstract Abstract HanShu as Chinas first dynastic history, its purpose is to preserve historical literature, promote hand. The eulogy of HanShu is on the praise of the main form of expression, and hanshu of words of praise from both the quality and quantity, play a decisive role in the whole of the possession of status of HanShu. From the volume, The eulogy of HanShufor 2.4 word thousand words about the whole Book of Former Han the total number of words more than 80 words in 3%, and records of the historian Sima Qian 1.6 thousand words about the historical records the total number of words more than 52 words 3% roughly equal in  quality, through;  The eulogy of HanShu part of the overall grasp, read historical records  analysis and comment on the comparative study of the content, The eulogy of HanShu in history lunzan styles contribution is enormous, has played a key role. The eulogy of HanShuwill be located at the end of the thesis, form, style, style, historical records in The eulogy of HanShu in the form of specification. The eulogy of HanShu is affected by the age, the author Ban Gu in many places show Zun Han, Xuanhan thought; the Five Virtues as the order of the orthodox view; Yin and Yang and heaven and destiny; and respect by the academic thought of confucius. In terms of comment content exhibited Yu quit, fill the lack of praise, figures and historical evaluation of gain and loss and express th