浅析韩国辩论准备程序及其对我国审前准备程序的借鉴意义.docVIP

摘  要  民事诉讼审前准备程序是整个民事诉讼程序的重要组成部分，是为保证开庭 审理的顺利进行和案件的及时、公正审理而设置的程序，也是我国民事诉讼改革 的重点部分。从各国民事诉讼发展来看，其共同趋势是审前准备和审判活动两者 并重，各国在趋利避害的改革进程中，在民事诉讼审前准备程序的运作方式上相 互吸收各自优点，以形成符合本国实情的审前准备程序。在这一趋势下，韩国在 2002 年颁布的《民事诉讼法》中对审前准备程序进行了较大改革。通过改革将审 前准备程序确定为必经程序，同时为保障审前准备程序顺利进行，将证据随时提 出主义修改为证据适时提出主义，以及扩大了文书提出义务。 我国《民事诉讼法》第 113 条至第 119 条规定了审理前的准备活动，但 这个准备阶段并不是一个独立完整的审前程序，也无法发挥审前准备程序的 功能。2002 年起实施的《民事诉讼证据若干规定》中明确了被告的答辩义务 和人民法院调查收集证据的范围和条件，规范了举证时限及证据交换问题， 进一步完善了审理前的准备程序。但是，我国的审前准备程序仍不是独立程 序，且其内容单薄，效力不确定，无法发挥审前准备程序的功能。案件在未 充分准备的情形下进入开庭审理，不可避免导致重复开庭和诉讼突袭。不仅 造成诉讼效率低下，也无法保障当事人获得公平、公正判决。鉴于韩国成功 经验的基础上，笔者对我国审前准备程序的改革进行了思索。笔者认为改革 应当庭审程序与审前程序并重，确立审前准备程序的独立地位，构建强制答 辩制度、强化当事人调查取证制度、完善失权制度等。 关键词：民事审前准备程序；韩国辩论准备程序；证据整理 5 ABSTRACT Pretrial procedure is an important part in civil procedure, which ensures the hearing to be held smoothly and the case to be trialed fairly and timely. And it is the point of reform too. From the development of other country’s civil procedure, the same trend is focusing on not only pretrial phase but also trial. Basing on adopting the strongpoint of operating mode of other country, every country comes into being the pretrial procedure to according with the situation of the country. Under the background, Korea reform pretrial procedure in civil procedure which adopted in 2002. Finally pretrial procedure becomes the necessary procedure. In order to ensuring pretrial procedure can carry on smoothly, the doctrine of putting forward in the infinite time is substituted for the doctrine of putting forward proof in the limited time , the obligation of putting forward writ is extended . There is a pretrial phase in civil procedure law of the people’s republic of china, but it is not a independent pretrial procedure. The rule doesn’t work. Some Provisions on Evidence in Civil Procedures putted into effect in 2002 define actually, the scope and condition of evidence investigated and collected by court. It defines the time of putting forward proof and the exchange of proof. The rule complet