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中国城市贫困问题A Study on Chinese Urban Poverty 陆汉文 Dr. Lu Hanwen 华中师范大学减贫与乡村治理研究中心 Center for Poverty and Rural Governance Studies, CCNU 城市贫困和包容性城市 国际政策研讨会 International Policy Workshop on Urban Poverty and Inclusive Cities Disclaimer: The views expressed in this document are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, and accept no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation or reference to a particular territory or geographical area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 目 录 Content 引言 Introduction 中国城市贫困状况的估计 Estimate of Chinese urban poverty 中国城市贫困问题的形成与干预：简要回顾 Formation and intervention of Chinese urban poverty: A brief review 中国城市贫困问题的未来挑战 Future challenges of Chinese urban poverty 引言 Introduction 独特的历史背景 Unique historical background 城乡分割的二元社会格局 Urban-rural dual social structure 高就业、低工资、全保障的社会政策 High employment, low wages, full-coverage social security policies 引言 introduction 贫困问题的出现及其界定 The emergence of urban poverty and its definition 中国城市贫困问题的形成 Formation of Chinese urban poverty 中国城市贫困人口：独特的来源划分和界定上的争论 Chinese urban poverty population: Unique division of source and debates on its definition 中国城市贫困状况的估计（仅限于城市户籍人口的讨论）Estimate of Chinese urban poverty(limited discussion on urban household population) 贫困人口总量的估计 Estimate of urban poor population 2001年以来中国城市低保人数变化情况（万人） Number of persons receiving subsistence allowance form 2011(10 thousand) 城市低保人数：2011年底为2276.8万人。 Number of persons receiving?subsistence allowance is 22.768 million by the end of 2011. 有学者估计，城市贫困人口通常为低保人口数量的两倍多。Some scholars estimated that the total urban poor population is usually more than twice the number of persons receiving?subsistence