详细介绍家庭电话故障的诊断方法.docVIP

详细介绍家庭电话故障的诊断方法 电路(系统)诞失规定功能称为故障，在模拟电路中的故障类型及原因如下：从故障性质来分有早期故障、偶然故障和损耗故障。早期故障是由设计、制造的缺陷等原因造成的、在使用初期发生的故障，早期故障率较高并随时间而迅速下降。统计表明，数字电路的早期故障率为3～10％，模拟电路的早期故障率为1～5％，晶体管的早期故障率为0.75～2％，二极管的早期故障率为0.2～1％，电容器的早期故障率为0.1～1％。 Circuit (system) Christmas loss function is called the fault, in the analog circuit fault type and the reasons are as follows: from the nature of the failure to have early failure, random failure and loss failure. Early failures are caused by partly due to the defects of design, manufacture, at the beginning of the use of fault, early failure rate high and rapidly falling over time. Statistics show that the early failure rate of 3 to 10% of the digital circuit, analog circuits early failure rate is 1-5%, early failure rate of 0.75 to 2% of the transistor, diode, early failure rate was 0.2 ~ 1%, early failure rate of 0.1 to 1% of the capacitor. 　　偶然故障是由偶然因素造成的、在有效使用期内发生的故障，偶然故障率较低且为常数。损耗故障是由老化、磨损、损耗、疲劳等原因造成的、在使用后期发生的故障，损耗故障率较大且随时间迅速上升。从故障发生的过程来分有软故障、硬故障和间歇故障。软故障又称渐变故障，它是由元件参量随时间和环境条件的影响缓慢变化而超出容差造成的、通过事前测试或监控可以预测的故障。硬故障又称突变故障。它是由于元件的参量突然出现很大偏差(如开路、短路)造成的、通过事前测试或监控不能预测到的故障。根据实验经验统计，硬故障约占故障率的80％，继续研究仍有实用价值。wWw.11665.COm间歇故障是由老化、容差不足、接触不良等原因造成的、仅在某些特定情况下才表现出来的故障。从同时故障数及故障间的相互关系来分有单故障、多故障、独立故障和从属故障。单故障指在某一时刻故障仅涉及一个参量或一个元件，常见于运行中的设备。多故障指与几个参量或元件有关的故障，常见于刚出厂的设备。独立故障是指不是由另一个元件故障而引起的故障。从属故障是指由另一个元件故障引起的故障。 Random failure is caused by accidental factors, the effective fault occurred in the period of using, accidental failure rate is low and the constant. Loss failure is due to aging, wear and tear, loss, and fatigue, failure in using late caused by the loss of failure rate greatly and rapidly rising over time. Process from failure to failure of soft, hard and intermittent fault. Soft fault is also called the gradient, it is by the element parameters vary with time and environmental conditions influence slowly changing due to beyond tolerance, through testing or monitoring can predict faults in advance. Hard fault is also called mutation. It suddenly appear