名词属格.ppt

Lecture 5 Genitives 现代英语中残存的所有格 所有格除表示所有意义之外的其它用法 s/s’用法与of用法的比较 无生命的物体后面的’s和s’的用法 Of 结构的用法 ’s和s’后面名词的省略 双重所有格的使用* 1 Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land — a nagging fear that Americas decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights. 2 We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technologys wonders to raise health cares quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. 1.??现代英语中残存的所有格 英语中唯一的格（case)的形式就是所有格。如man’s。英语中某些种类名词的所有格词尾-es在现代英语中以’s和s’的形式保留了下来。 Forms: Genitive noun (“of” structure) Independent genitive Double genitive 2．除表示所有意义之外的其它用法 经常地 用：father’s chair 亲属 关系: Angela’s son 行 动： Scott’s journey, the president’s arrival 目的/类别：a girl’s school, children’s pictorial, women’s clothes, a doctor’s degree, a man’s job 5) 特 征： John’s stammer, Tom’s kindness Mary’s carelessness 6) 其 它： I read for reading’s sake. Children play for playing’s sake 3. s/s’用法与of用法的比较 a man’s voice (the voice of a man) Keats’ poetry (the poetry of Keats) But: the table-leg (the leg of the table, not: the table’s leg) 4. 无生命的物体后面的’s和s’的用法 下列情况可以用’s和s’或用 “of”结构： 与地理 有关 的： America’s policy, Hong Kong’s future 2. 与 机关有关的： the European Economic Community’s exports 下列情况一般用’s或s’: 地名 + 最高级：New York’s tallest skyscraper 教会和教堂: St Paul’s Church, St Stephen’s Cathedral 拟人化的名词： It is really beautiful. It is a work of nature. It is really beautiful. It is a Natures work natures lesson 大自然的教训 sorrow‘s tear 悲哀的泪水 fortunes favorite 幸运的宠儿 表示自然现象： the moon‘s rays 月光 the earths atmo