6.2英语文学学习.pptVIP

Language Brain English 0302 朱鹏飞 Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics Psycholinguistics: study of language acquisition, storage, comprehension, and production Neurolinguistics: study of the neural and electrochemical bases of language development and use Brain Architecture Right and left hemispheres Hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum Brain is covered by a membrane called the cortex Bumps on the brain are called gyri, depressions are fissures Cortex Areas Auditory cortex: receives and identifies auditory signals; Converts them into forms understandable by other areas of the brain Visual cortex: receives and interprets visual stimuli; Storage site for pictoral images Motor cortex: sends signals to muscles to make them move Language Centers of the Brain Broca’s area Located at the base of the motor cortex Responsible for organising articulatory patterns of language Directs the motor cortex when talk is required Controls use of inflectional and function morphemes Language Centers of the Brain Wernicke’s area: Located near the back of the auditory cortex Responsible for the comprehension of words Selects words when producing language Language Centers of the Brain Arcuate Fasciculus Nerve fibers connecting Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas Allow the two areas to share information Required for accessing of the ‘mental lexicon’ Language Centers of the Brain Angular Gyrus Located between Wernicke’s area and the visual cortex Converts visual stimuli into auditory stimuli and vice versa Allows matching of spoken and written forms to the objects they describe Crucial for reading and writing Language Disorders Aphasia: “…An inability to perceive, process, or produce language because of physical damage to the brain.” Language Disorders Broca’s aphasia Individuals suffer from an inability to plan the motor sequences for spoken or signed language Comprehension is not affected; This is an expressive disorder Speech is halting, patients have a hard time forming