数据挖掘3prep.pptVIP

Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques — Slides for Textbook — — Chapter 3 — ?Jiawei Han and Micheline Kamber Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign /~hanj Chapter 3: Data Preprocessing Why preprocess the data? Data cleaning Data integration and transformation Data reduction Discretization and concept hierarchy generation Summary Why Data Preprocessing? Data in the real world is dirty incomplete: lacking attribute values, lacking certain attributes of interest, or containing only aggregate data e.g., occupation=“” noisy: containing errors or outliers e.g., Salary=“-10” inconsistent: containing discrepancies in codes or names e.g., Age=“42” Birthday=“03/07/1997” e.g., Was rating “1,2,3”, now rating “A, B, C” e.g., discrepancy between duplicate records Why Is Data Dirty? Incomplete data comes from n/a data value when collected different consideration between the time when the data was collected and when it is analyzed. human/hardware/software problems Noisy data comes from the process of data collection entry transmission Inconsistent data comes from Different data sources Functional dependency violation Why Is Data Preprocessing Important? No quality data, no quality mining results! Quality decisions must be based on quality data e.g., duplicate or missing data may cause incorrect or even misleading statistics. Data warehouse needs consistent integration of quality data Data extraction, cleaning, and transformation comprises the majority of the work of building a data warehouse. —Bill Inmon Multi-Dimensional Measure of Data Quality A well-accepted multidimensional view: Accuracy Completeness Consistency Timeliness Believability Value added Interpretability Accessibility Broad categories: intrinsic, contextual, representational, and accessibility. Major Tasks in Data Preprocessing Data cleaning Fill in missing values, smooth noisy data, identify or remove outliers, and resolve inconsistencies