unit+3+offer+and+counteroffer.pptVIP

Unit 3 Offers and Counter-offers Part I Offers 1. Introduction An Offer usually constitutes the reply to a price inquiry. It is a promise to sell goods at a price and under stated conditions. An offer might also be voluntary which is more like a sales letter. selling offer buying offer (bid) Quotation sheet, price list, proforma invoice etc. Firm offer Non-firm offer What is proforma invoice? ??????? A proforma invoice is an invoice sent to buyers for form’s sake(为了手续起见). It is usually used to enable buyers to apply for a necessary import licence. ????????? Sometimes a proforma invoice serves as a formal quotation(正式报价单) or a price list, and the prices mentioned therein are usually subject to the final confirmation of the sellers , unless otherwise stated. ??????? Unlike an ordinary invoice, it does not bind either the seller or the buyer, A proforma invoice is not necessarily involved in every transaction. It is generally used: ?????a. to serve as a formal quotation or as a price reference, ???? b. to enable the buyer to make the necessary preliminary arrangements, such as obtaining an import license for goods he would like to order. What are contained in a proforma invoice? ?? The descriptions of the goods, quantity, price terms of payment, time of shipment,etc., but these do not involve the seller in any contractual obligation.(契约规定的责任)。 Firm offer Firm offer – an offer made to a specific person or persons (offeree) to express or imply a definite intention of the offerer to make a contract under clear, complete and final trade terms. validity cannot be withdrawn binding force Offer with Engagement Non-firm offer Non-firm offer –an offer with a reservation clause; with no definite intention to sign a contract. content not clear main conditions not complete not final an offer without engagement 2. Contents Express thanks for the inquiry if it’s a reply to an inquiry. State clearly the quoted prices and the possible discounts. Indic