Python Short CourseLecture 6 Tk Graphics.ppt

Python Short CourseLecture 6: Tk Graphics Richard P. Muller Materials and Process Simulation Center June 22, 2000 Tk Overview Set of widgets designed by John K. Ousterhout, 1987 Based on Apple Hypercard idea of putting together graphics program Tk == Tool Kit Mean to be driven by Tcl (Toolkit Control Language) Many people find Tcl limited Can also drive Tk with Perl, Python Tkinter is the Python Tk Interface Very easy to use Hello, World from Tkinter import * w=Label(text=Hello, World!) w.pack() w.mainloop() Label() defines a label to be displayed text= specifies a parameter to be passed in pack() resizes the window to the proper size mainloop() enters the event loop, and the program idles until a button is pushed, a menu is pulled, etc. It has to idle until the program is killed, since we didnt define any events. Events (Hello, Goodbye) Creating a Molecular Editor Molecular Editor Overview Were going to whiz through this fairly quickly Example is online for those who want more Just a survey of some different widgets How you can build a professional looking interface Widgets Creation Routine def makeWidgets(self): frame = Frame(self) self.makeMenuBar(frame) self.makeLogo(frame) self.makeMolEdit(frame) self.makeNameEntry(frame) self.makeSelectQM(frame) frame.pack() self.pack() return Frames Containers frame = Frame(self) Frame() is a general command to create a container for other widgets It doesnt do much other than hold other things. Takes as an argument the parent (here self) Returns the frame object (here frame) We can then pass the frame object to other widgets as their parent self.makeMenuBar(frame) Frame is also useful for doing sophisticated layouts Tk doesnt give much control over precise layout Often have to pack frames within frames within frames Menubars and Menus Menubars A menubar is just a frame that holds menus: menubar = Frame(frame,relief=RAISED,borderwidth=1) menubar.pa