Rootstocks.ppt

Rootstocks Chapter 4 Davies and Albrigo Seedling Trees Problems Protracted Juvenility Thorns Non-precocious Soil related Advantages of Budlings Best scion and best stock 20 horticultural characteristics Tree vigor Rooting depth Freeze tolerance Soil adaptation to high salinity More Rootstock Influences Resistance to nematodes, foot rot, citrus blight Fruit yield, size, texture, internal quality Maturity date Study Table 4.1 Rough Lemon Citrus jambhiri - NE India Polyembryony For deep infertile sand (FL ridge) Susceptibility to blight Lack of freeze tolerance High yields (80 - 100 tons / Ha) More Rough Lemon Root depth 4.6 m (drought tolerant) Wide range of pH. Tolerant to Tristeza (CTV) Citrus exocortis viroid (CEV) Citrus xyloporosis viroid More Rough Lemon Highly susceptible to foot rot burrowing nematodes blight (unknown cause) Poor quality fruit ‘Valencia’/ RL = 11.4 % ‘Valencia’/ SO = 13.2 % More Rough Lemon Fruit characteristics Thick Peel “Puffy” Regreening Not good enough for fresh mkt. Higher prodn of kg-solids Kg Solids (Pounds-solids) Function of Yield Juice content Total Soluble Solids (TSS) Sour Orange (C. aurantium) Most widely planted stock in the world. Scions of SO - moderate vigor Slower than scions of RL but not dwarfed. More Sour Orange Higher TSS per fruit, but kg-solids are lower than RL, CM, and CV on sandy soils. Produces deep, moderately branched root system. Scion vigor better on fertile soils. Used on heavy poorly drained soils. Does well on high pH soil. SO Freeze Hardiness Cultivars on SO equal to: Cleo, trifoliata, and citrumelo Superior to lemon types and citranges. Does not regrow as rapidly as lemon types after freeze. Sour Orange and Soil Prob. No problem with Xyloporosis Phytophthora foot rot Susceptible to Burrowing nematodes Citrus nematodes Fruit Quality on SO Fruit size smaller than on RL, but larger than on Cleo. TSS and TA are high thus preferred stock in: LRGV, Indian River, and Spain. Grapefruit Lower height/ d