计算机组织与体系结构课件08.pdfVIP

c0864 Computer Organization and Architecture Lecture 07 Virtual Memory Tongwei Ren Software Institute, Nanjing University Mar. 25, 2014 Review • RAID 0 • RAID 1 • RAID 2 • RAID 3 • RAID 4 • RAID 5 • RAID 6 NANJING UNIVERSITY 2 Hunger for More 3 Memory Management • In the past, only OS and one program are in memory • Currently, OS and multiple programs are in memory • To avoid the idle of processor when the programs wait for I/O, it requires to load more programs in memory • Memory management • In multiprogramming system, the “user part” of memory should be further partitioned to fit multiple programs, which is dynamically carried out by OS • Don’t consider “process” in this slide NANJING UNIVERSITY 4 Solution to Load More Programs • Enlarge memory • Using exchange and overlap techniques • When no program is ready, OS loads other programs in • Partitioning and paging • Virtual memory • Demand paging • Virtual address NANJING UNIVERSITY 5 Partitioning • Fixed-size partition • OS: fixed size • User program: fixed size with different OS lengths 64K • When load a program, put it in the smallest partition which has enough 128K length • Drawback: waste of memory 256K NANJING UNIVERSITY 6 Partitioning (cont.) •