病人的无意识心智.pptVIP

Conscious Cognition and Control Intentional learning Conscious memory (e.g., recall, recognition) Conscious perception Unconscious Cognition and Control Reflexive behavior Instinctive behavior Visceral control Implicit perception (e.g., blind sight, agnosia, prosopagnosia) Subliminal perception Unconscious memory and Unconscious learning Incidental learning Latent learning Automatic processing of motor or cognitive skills 病人的無意識心智 盲視（blindsight） （Weiskrantz et al., 1974; Weiskrantz, 1986,1990） e. g. Pateint D. B. 視覺失認症（visual agnosia）（Humphreys Riddoch, 1987; 1993; Warrington, 1984; 1985） e. g. Patient G. L. Patient H. J. A. 臉形失認症（prosopagnosia）（Bauer, 1984） e. g. Patient L. F. 失憶症（anterograde amnesia）（Warrington Weiskrantz, 1970） Is language the key? PET studies on the task of verbal generation in superior temporal gyrus (STG) (Frith et al., 1995) Normal participants STG was activated by listening to spoken language, but inhibited during self-generated speech. Schizophrenic patients No such inhibition was recorded during PET scanning, suggesting that self-monitoring of speech signals is a key component of the disorder. Implications: Schizophrenia is a disorder of the interaction between the two hemispheres; there is a failure to establish unequivocal dominance. Normal inter-hemispheric integration: Inhibition of any awareness by the verbally expressive hemispheric consciousness that it actually receives and sends thoughts, intentions, and feelings from and to another consciousness. In schizophrenia this integration is disturbed with the result that the LH consciousness becomes aware of an influence from an “external” force, which in fact is the RH. Figure 10. Examples of Chinese characters, pseudocharacters, and noncharacters. Learning in the control of dynamic system (Berry Broadbent, 1984) Task : Production of a stimulated sugar factory. Independent variable : Number of workers employed (W). Depende