高频扭转冲击作用下硬地层破岩机理的研究.pdfVIP

第十部分 土动力学 高频扭转冲击作用下硬地层破岩机理研究 祝效华，汤历平，吴华，贾彦杰，石昌帅 （西南石油大学机电工程学院，成都 610500 ） 摘要：高频扭转冲击钻井是一种能大幅提高钻井效率的新兴钻井技术，但由于对其破岩机理认识不清， 使得高频扭转冲击钻井技术尚未能在国内得到推广应用。基于弹塑性力学和岩石力学，采用 Drucker-Prager 准则作为岩石的本构关系，塑性应变作为岩石破碎的失效判据，通过有限元方法建立 全尺寸 PDC 钻头动态破岩的非线性动力学三维仿真模型，分析了高频扭转冲击作用下硬地层中钻头 的动态破岩过程。结果表明，高频扭转冲击钻进硬地层时拉应力与压应力区域交叉出现且以拉应力为 主，拉应力破岩大大提高了钻头的机械钻速；高频扭转冲击钻进有效地减弱了硬地层中钻头处的粘滑 振动，大大地提高了钻头的破岩效率。研究成果有助于深化对高频扭转冲击破岩的认识，为高频扭转 冲击钻井技术的应用提供理论依据。 关键词：硬地层；钻井技术；高频扭转冲击；岩石破碎；机械钻速 中图分类号： STUDY ON ROCK BREAKING MECHANISM OF TOUGH FORMATION UNDER HIGH FREQUENCY TORSIONAL IMPACT ZHU Xiaohua, TANG Liping, WU Hua, JIA Yanjie, SHI Changshuai (School of Mechatronic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, P.R. China) Abstract ：High frequency torsional impact drilling is a new emerging drilling technology, which can enhance the drilling efficiency by a large margin. But it is not popularized interiorly due to ignorance of its rock breaking mechanism. A 3D non-linear dynamic simulation model of dynamic rock breaking with full gauge PDC bit is established, in which the finite element model is created based on elastoplastic mechanics and rock mechanics. The constitutive relation of rock is controlled by Drucker-Prager law and plastic strain is adopted to judge the rock breaking. The dynamic rock breaking process of bit under high frequency torsional impact in tough formation is analyzed. Results show that most of the rock elements are damaged by the pulling stress, with which the ROP are enhanced greatly. The high frequency torsional impact mitigate stick-slip vibration effectively and increase the rock breaking efficiency greatly. The research achievements provide theoretical basis for deep understanding and popularizing the high frequ