Endocrinology of reproduction.ppt

Endocrinology of reproduction Reproductive System Anatomy of Male Reproductive System Testes Series of ducts Epididymides Ductus deferentia Urethra Accessory glands Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Bulbourethral glands Supporting structures Scrotum 2 chambered sac that contains testes Dartos and cremaster muscles help regulate temperature Penis Perineum Diamond-shaped areas between thighs Male Pelvis Testes Glands Exocrine Endocrine Compartments divided by septa Seminiferous tubules Empty into rete testis Empties into efferent ductules Interstitial or Leydig cells Descent Pass from abdominal cavity through inguinal canal to scrotum Cryptorchidism Failure of of one or both of testes to descend into scrotum Prevents normal sperm development Histology of Testis Descent of Testes Sperm Cell Development Spermatozoa produced in seminiferous tubules Spermatogonia divide (mitosis) to form primary spermatocytes Primary spermatocytes (first division of meiosis) divide to form secondary spermatocytes Secondary spermatocytes (second division of meiosis) divide to form spermatids Spermatids develop an acrosome and flagellum Sertoli cells nourish sperm cells and form a blood-testis barrier and produce hormones Spermatogenesis Meiosis Ducts Epididymis Site of sperm cell maturation Ductus deferens or vas deferens Passes from epididymis into abdominal cavity Ejaculatory duct Joining of ductus deferens and seminal vesicle Urethra Extends from urinary bladder to distal end of penis Passageway for urine and male reproductive fluids 3 parts Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Spongy or penile urethra Male Reproductive Structures Penis Three columns of erectile tissue that engorge with blood Corpora cavernosa (2) Corpus spongiosum (1) Glans penis Prepuce or foreskin covers Circumcision: Surgical removal External urethra orifice Penis Accessory Glands Seminal vesicles Empty into ejaculatory duct Produce about 60% of semen Prostate gland Produces about 30% of semen Bulbourethral glands