Lecture 3 Noun and Noun Phrase.ppt

Lecture 3 Noun and Noun Phrase Objectives: 1. Classification of nouns. 2. Number forms of nouns 3. Plural forms of the compound nouns 4. Number forms of the material nouns 5. Number forms of the abstract nouns (1) Regular plural (2) Irregular plural (2) Irregular plural (2) Irregular plurals parenthesis（圆括号）---parentheses stratum[streit?m] （阶层）--- strata [streit?] datum[deit?m] （资料）---data medium （媒介）—media bacterium（细菌）--bacteria [b?kti?ri?] (2) The irregular plural form (2) The irregular plural form 3) Other nouns ending in –s (1) Names for things made of two parts 1) Some material nouns used as countable nouns mean “a portion of” or “a cup of”（表示一份，一杯） Two strong black coffees, please. 请给我两份浓咖啡，不加奶。 2） Some material nouns can be used as countable nouns , having the meaning of “a kind of” It was a special tea which tastes of orange blossoms. 这是一种特别的茶， 有栀子花味。 3） There are also material nouns that can take plural endings but they are used in other senses . She forbids any vessels to enter her territorial waters. 她禁止任何船只进入其领海。 It was now the time of the spring rains. 现在是春天雨季的时候。 * Lecture 3 Noun and Noun Phrase 1. Classification of nouns. Nouns can be classified according to word formation, lexical meaning and grammatical form. 1) Simple, compound and derivative nouns 2) Proper and common nouns 3) Countable and uncountable nouns 1）Simple, compound and derivative nouns A simple noun is a noun that contains only one free morpheme (eg; chair, land, faith). A compound noun is a noun that is composed of two or more morphemes (eg: armchair, farmland). A derivative noun is a noun that comes from a verb, an adjective or a simple noun with affix (eg: arrangement, greatness, patriotism). 2）Proper and common nouns A proper noun is a name used for a particular person, place or thing, and spelt with a capital initial letter (eg: Anderson, Britain). A common noun is a name common to a class of people, things or abstrac