Water Treatment.ppt

Water Treatment Groundwater hardness (aesthetic consideration) disinfection (required by SDWA) Surface Water turbidity and color removal filtration (required by SDWA) disinfection (required by SDWA) Groundwater Treatment PlantTreatment of Groundwater for Hardness Removal Surface Water Treatment Plant Surface Water Treatment for Turbidity and Color Removal Water Treatment CE 326 Principles of Environmental Engineering Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Iowa State University February 29, 2008 Tim Ellis, Ph.D., P.E. CE 326 Principles of Environmental Engineering, Copyright ? 2008 Tim Ellis, Iowa State University Bore Hole Well Aeration Hard Water Ca+2 + Mg+2 to remove CO2 and H 2S Fe2+ → Fe3+ Rapid Mix Slow Mix Sedimentation weir overflow rate: 268-322 m3/m. d surface overflow rate: 57-70 m3/m2 . d 105-130 m3/m2 . d for upflow solids contact Recarbonation add CO2 to decrease pH add lime (for CH) and soda ash (for NCH) raise pH to 10 - 11.5 to precip. hardness add D. O. Filtration Clear- well to distri- bution add Cl2 , polyphosphate and F- G values for Rapid Mix: 700-1000 s-1 In-Line blender: 3000-5000 s-1 Gto values for Flocculation Type G(s-1) Gto Softening (10%) 130-200 200,000-250,000 Softening (39%) 150-300 390,000-400,000 E.S. = 0.35 - 0.55 mm U.C. = 1.3 - 1.7 depth = 0.3 - 0.75 loading rate = 120 - 240 m3/m2d CE 326 Principles of Environmental Engineering, Copyright ? 2008 Tim Ellis, Iowa State University Stream Bacteria, Color, Turbidity Rapid Mix Slow Mix Sedimentation weir overflow rate: surface O. R.: 143-179 m3/m. d light floc 20 - 40 m3/m2 . d 179-268 m3/m. d heavy floc alum or iron salts for coagulation Filtration Clear- well to distri- bution add Cl2 , polyphosphate, and F- lime for pH Intake and Pump Station add Cl2 or O3 for taste and odor G values for Rapid Mix: 700-1000 s-1 In-Line