Text Organization.ppt

Text Organization Paras.1~2 Because of the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter, Napoleon and Hitler lost their battles. Paras 3~11 Napoleon wanted to make the conquest of Russia. Paras 12~20 Hitler launched an attack against the Soviet Union. Para 21 The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. Words 1. Bleak 没有希望的，凄凉的；荒凉的；阴冷的，寒冷的 Two weeks in hospital seems a bleak prospect. The future looked bleak. Thousands of trees were planted on the bleak hillside last year. a bleak wind 寒风 ; a bleak prospect 前途暗淡 单调的,乏味的 This is the bleakest novel Ive ever read. 2. devastating 1)破坏性极大的,毁灭性的 A smouldering cigarette can kindle a devastating bushfire. 2)辛辣的,挖苦的, 惊人的;压倒性的;有魅力的 You look devastating in that new dress. His jokes were completely devastating. 3. Raw 1)阴冷的 a raw wind 阴冷的风/ a raw winter day 2) 未熟的/ Apples can be eaten raw. Raw/medium (half done)/well done 3) 未经加工过的,原始的,纯的 raw materials 4. Launch 发射，发起（运动），推出（产品）；使开始从事 The company is launching a new model next month. launch out出航； launch into投身于，开始着手; launch a new enterprise创办一个新企业; launch a ship 新船首航 launch an attack 发动进攻 We launched a new project. The new ship was launched today. 5. Campaign n，vt 运动；战役 Can you guess who would laugh last in the president election campaign? The general (将军) planned a campaign to capture the enemy `s most important city. on campaign 出征; an election campaign竞选活动; commercial campaigns 商业活动 6. Efficient 有效率的，有能力的 The new secretary is a quick, efficient worker ,and the boss is quite satisfied. Efficient service can be achieved through modern technology. efficiency n.效率, inefficient a.不能胜任的，没能力的; 7. Conquest n.征服, 克服，战利品 The statement laid bare its ambition for world conquest. The rich and handsome young man made a conquest of Jane. The Romans extended their conquests to Britain. for the conquest of 为了要征服; make a conquest of 征服，赢得…感情. 13. Retreat (from/to) 撤退 T