BIOS功能简介.pptVIP

BIOS功能简介 Helen Cong 2010.06 Content BIOS Introduce BIOS ROM Layout Flash BIOS BIOS Data Crash Analyze BIOS Introduce Basic Input Output System 1981, IBM put the some hardware initial code and some IO process code into a 32KB PROM. Purpose Initial Hardware; for example, Buses, PnP Devices, etc. Build Interrupt and PnP Services. So that OS can execute with hardware independent. Build BDA (BIOS Data Area)，PnP Device Node for OS. BIOS Introduce (Continued) Allow user to chose the boot device. For example, boot from FDD, HDD, SCSI, Network, etc。 Provide a interface let user to adjust chipset or MB devices. Power management design. PM functions is hardware dependent, so BIOS presents a important rule here. Hardware Monitor. Two level of password. Provide a security system to user. BIOS Introduce (Continued) Silent Boot. Using picture to avoid information display during POST. Vendor’s special function can put in BIOS. To avoid copied by other vendor and also make MB is unique in the market. Co-operate with Hardware to reduce the cost. Create the environment to install OS To solve known bugs from OS or Driver Flash ROM FWHB SPI 8Mb=1MB : MX25L8006EPI 16Mb=2MB: MX25L1606EMI BIOS ROM Layout 最主要的有Mainblock,NVRAM,BootBlock Option: NCB,ROMHole,EBB 64K一个Block 以block为单位进行erase、write 先erase后write Erase之后变为0FFh 最后刷BootBlock 开过机的BIOS与没开过机的BIOS不同 Flash BIOS Flash BIOS Afudos.exe /P - Program main BIOS image /B - Program Boot Block /N - Program NVRAM /C - Destroy CMOS checksum Save BIOS: afudos biosname.bin /o Flash BIOS: afudos biosname.bin /b /p /n /c Help message: afudos /? BIOS ROM Layout For Intel new platform: Flash Descriptor(layout、pointer) Management Engine (ME) Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) BIOS(system BIOS) Flash BIOS fpt.exe -F file Load binary file into flash. -D file Dump flash contents to file or STD