肥料投入水平与养分资源高效利用的关系.pdfVIP

土壤与环境 2000, 9(2): 154~157 Soil and Environmental Sciences E-mail:ses@ 文章编号：1008~181X （2000 ）02-0154-04 肥料投入水平与养分资源高效利用的关系 1 2 张福锁 ，马文奇 （1：中国农业大学植物营养系，北京 100094；2：河北农业大学农学院，保定 071001） 摘要：提高资源利用效率是实现农业可持续发展目标的核心，本文以山东省和全国作物施肥现状研究为基础，探讨了肥料 投入与养分资源效率及环境风险的关系。从区域、农户和 吨粮田不同层次上的分析表明，高投入下可以实现高效率，关 键是提高综合管理的科学水平；经济作物生产中存在经济效益和资源效率分离的现象，生产者受经济利益驱动，大量投 入肥料，由此会带来极低的资源效率和巨大的环境风险；在注意经济发达地区高化肥投入带来的环境问题的同时，还需 要关注发展高经济价值作物带来的低资源效率和高环境风险。 关键词：施肥、资源、效率、环境。 中图分类号：S147.2 文献标识码：A The Relationship between Fertilizer Input Level and Nutrient Use Efficiency 1 2 ZHANG Fu-suo , MA Wen-qi ( 1: Department of Plant Nutrition , China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; 2: College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China ) Abstract: The relationship between fertilizer input level and nutrient use efficiency was analyzed based on the study of the present situation of crop fertilization in Shandong province and China. The results showed that high nutrient use efficiency could also be obtained at high fertilizer input level when the comprehensive crop management techniques have been developed. In crop production，farmers often applied an excessive amount of fertilizer to get high benefit but the nutrient use efficiency was very low. As the consequence, the environmental contamination resulted from over-fertilization in crop production has become a serious problem in China. Key words: fertilization; resources; efficiency; environment 农业可持续发展是我国的基本国策，它的目标 大目标的要求。但是有一点要明确，这些不良影响 是在实现农业增产和经济发展的同时，保持生态平 [1，3，7，8]