专题复习定语从句.pptVIP

* 考 点 揭 秘 在复合句中修饰名词、代词，并由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句称为定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词（词组或句子）称为先行词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是修饰先行词不可缺少的定语，如果将这种定语从句省去，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义；由于这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号与主句分开；在译成汉语时，限制性定语从句常常译为定语放在被它修饰的名词前面 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我所看过的电影中最好的一部。 She is the nurse who looks after the children. 她就是照料这些孩子们的阿姨。 Beijing is the place where the 2008 Olympic Games will be held. 北京是即将承办2008年奥运会的地方。 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作一些附加的说明，省去后并不影响主句意思的完整；这种从句和主句之间要用逗号分开；在译成汉语时,非限制性定语从句常常译成并列句.Last night I saw a very good film, which was about American Civil War. 昨晚我看了一部很好的电影，它是关于美国内战的。 Carl, who now holds an important position in a large chemical works, still remembers the chemistry teacher. 卡尔现在在一家大化工厂担任重要的职务，他至今还记得那位化学老师。 关系代词：that 1.既指物也指人，在定语从句中作主语（不可以省略）或宾语（在口语和非正式文体中常被省略）。 2．下列情况下必须用关系代词that： A.先行词为all,little,much,everything, anything,nothing等不定代词时。 B.先行词被the only、序数词、形容词最高级所修饰时。 3．关系代词that 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，介词不可放在它的前面，只能放在从句中原来的位置上。 Can you lend me the book (that) you were talking about just now? The pen (that) he bought yesterday writes well. There is nothing (that) I can do. This is the first article(that) he has written in English. This is one of the most interesting films (that) I have ever seen. which 1．指物，在定语从句中作主语（不可以省略）或宾语（在口语、非正式文体和限制性定语从句中常被省略），可以用that替换。 2．指代整个主句的内容、先行词指（事）物时，非限制性定语从句不用that，但可用as，which引导（which不可置于句首）。 I am reading a book which / that was written by Charles Dickens. The film (which /that) we saw last week was great fun. The sports meet has been put off, which was what I expected. 关系代词who whom whose 1．指人，在定语从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语；作宾语时，who ,whom可以省略。 2．关系代词whom / which 是含有介词的短语动词的宾语时，一般不可把介词置于其前，介词仍放在动词之后。 3．关系代词whom / which 是介词of的宾语时，有以下特殊结构：名词（数词/代词）+ of + whom / which。 The boy who / that is playing on the grass is her brother. The manager (whom / who / that) you want to see has come. Rebecca is the student