异丁烷脱氢催化剂的研究.pdfVIP

第 17 卷 第 4 期 化　学　进　展 Vol. 17 No. 4 2005 年 7 月 PROGRESS IN CHEMISTRY 　Jul. , 2005 异丁烷脱氢催化剂的研究 李　丽　阎子峰 ( 中国石油大学 重质油国家重点实验室 中油集团催化重点实验室 　东营 257061) 摘 　要 　本文对异丁烷脱氢反应制异丁烯过程催化剂体系及其反应机理进行了述评 ,指出异丁烷脱氢 依然是最有潜力的转化途径 ,但非贵金属高效催化剂的研制是其关键。详细总结了不同载体和助剂对脱氢 反应的影响 ,尤其是载体和助剂的酸碱性以及载体的孔结构。弱酸中心有利于异丁烷脱氢反应的发生 ,较小 的孔结构能提高反应的选择性。催化剂的抗积炭性能研究表明: 载体表面的弱酸位和活性组分在表面的高 分散度以及碱性助剂的加入 ,有利于提高催化剂的抗积炭性能。对异丁烷的脱氢反应机理的研究进行了 阐述。 关键词 　异丁烷脱氢 　催化剂 　反应机理 　积炭 ( ) 中图分类号: O64336 ; TQ0314 　文献标识码 : A 　文章编号 : 1005281X 2005 Revie w of Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Isobutene Li Li 　Yan Zifeng ( Stake Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing , CNPC Key Laboratory of Catalysis , China University of Petroleum , Dongying 257061 , China) Abstract 　Recent progress of the catalysts , reaction routes and mechanism of isobutane dehydrogenation is reviewed. The key for isobutane dehydrogenation is to synthesize nonnoble mental catalysts. Furthermore , the influence of supports and additives on isobutane dehydrogenation is summed up in detail , especially acidbase supports and additives and pore structure of supports , which indicates that weak acidic sites are apt to isobutane dehydrogenation. Smaller pore structure of catalysts can improve selectivity of isobutane. Besides , the study of coke over catalysts reveals that weak acidic sites of supports , dispersion of active sites and basic sites of additives favors improved action of coke. Key words 　isobutene dehydrogenation ; catalys