外文翻译--计算机辅助设计及制造CADCAM.doc

本科毕业论文（设计） 资料题目：计算机辅助设计与制造 学生姓名： 所在院系：机电学院 所学专业： CAD and CAM The engine lathe, one of the oldest metal removal machines, has a number of useful and highly desirable attributes. Today these lathes are used primarily in small shops where smaller quantities rather than large production runs are encountered. In the beginning, CAD systems were no more than a graphics editor with some built-in design symbols. The geometry available to the user was limited to lines, circular arcs, and the combination of them. The development of free-form curves and surfaces, such as Coon’s patch, Bezier’s patch, and B-spline, enables a CAD systems allow a designer to move into the third dimension. Because a three-dimensional model contains enough information for NC cutter-path programming, the linkage between CAD and NC can be developed. So called turnkey CAD/CAM systems were developed based on this concept and became popular in the 1970s and 1980s. The 1970s marked the beginning of a new era in CAD – the invention of three-dimensional solid modeling. In the past, three-dimensional, wire-frame models represented an object only by its bounding edges. They are ambiguous in the sense that several interpretations might be possible for a single model. There is also no way to find the volumetric information of a model. Solid models contain complete information; therefore, not only can they be used to produce engineering drawing, but engineering analysis can be performed on the same model as well. Later, many commercial systems and research systems were developed. Quite a few of these systems were based on the PADL and BUILD systems. Although they are powerful in representation, many deficiencies still exist. For example, such systems have extreme computation and resource (memory) requirements, an unconventional way of modeling objects and a lack of tolerance capability have all hindered CAD applications. It was not until the mid-1980s that solid modelers made the