初中英语语法-被动语态17200.pptVIP

中考语法精讲——被动语态 1.一般现在时 We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 2.一般过去时 He put on a coat. A coat was put on by him. 3.一般将来时  They will plant trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them tomorrow He is going to write a letter to his mother. A letter is going to be written to his mother by him. 4.现在完成时 Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 5.含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must/should +be done 主动语态变被动语态的方法 （主语） （宾语） 主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者 被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+by+动作的执行者 （主语） （宾语） 2. want/need/require+doing =want/need/require+to be done 例：My bike needs repairing. =My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。 3.只有及物动词才会有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才会有宾语。如果谓语是不及物动词，其后必须有介词与其形成不可分割的整体才能引导宾语，也就是我们所谓的被动语态的中的短语动词。切勿遗漏短语动词中的介词！ 如：The baby must be taken care of well. That old man was often laughed at. * * 语 态 分 类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 被动语态的基本构成： be+动词的过去分词 （be+done) am/is/are+done He made the kite. The kite was made by him. was/were+done shall/will /be going to+ be done have /has+been done I can find him. He can be found by me. 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。 这块手表是中国制造的。 This watch is made in China. 2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者 每年都应该种更多的树。 Many trees should be planted every year. 3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。 许多房屋被冲走了。 Many houses were washed away by the flood. 说明： （1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。 （2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。 （3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。 He plants trees in spring. 主 谓 宾(受动者) Trees are planted by him 改为被动语态 in spring. 主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。 1. look,soun