初中英语语法精讲精练----主谓一致.docVIP

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初中英语:主谓一致   主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面:语法一致;意义一致;就近一致(就近原则)。 一 语法一致:主语复数---- 谓语复数;主语单数----- 谓语单数 1 主语复数的情况---- 谓复 ⑴ people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式, The police are waiting for the boy. The staff are dressed as clowns. ⑵ 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式; Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 ⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时,谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner. ⑷ the +a. 表一类人,做主语,谓语用复数;但表示抽象概念时,用单数形式:   The poor are’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy.   The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 2 主语单数的情况----- 谓单 ⑴ 单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式:   Some water is in the bottle.   The boy is playing football on the playground.   ⑵ many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式:   Many a student has been to Shanghai. ⑶ more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。例如:   More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 ⑷ 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度等度量词或短语作主语时,常看作整体概念,谓单:   Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。   Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。   Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 ⑸ 表加减乘除的数学运算做主语,谓单: Three plus two is five.   Five minus four is one. Three times two is six. Eight divided by four is two. ⑹ each A and each B 和 every A and every B 作主语,谓单: Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。   Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 ⑺ one and a half+复数名词作主语,谓单:   One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 ⑻ 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓单:   To see is to believe  眼见为实。   Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。Who will be our English teacher is unknown. ⑼ a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语,谓单:   A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 ⑽ 主语为某些词组,如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词,谓语用单数。如:One of my favorite sports is basketball. ⑾ 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语,谓单:   Is everyone here today.   Something is wr

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