初中英语语法精讲精练----主谓一致.docVIP

初中英语：主谓一致 　　主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面：语法一致；意义一致；就近一致（就近原则）。 一 语法一致：主语复数---- 谓语复数；主语单数----- 谓语单数 1 主语复数的情况---- 谓复 ⑴ people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式， The police are waiting for the boy. The staff are dressed as clowns. ⑵ 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 ⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner. ⑷ the ＋a. 表一类人，做主语，谓语用复数；但表示抽象概念时，用单数形式： 　　The poor are’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy. 　　The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 2 主语单数的情况----- 谓单 ⑴ 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式： 　　Some water is in the bottle. 　　The boy is playing football on the playground. 　 ⑵ many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式： 　　Many a student has been to Shanghai. ⑶ more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如： 　　More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 ⑷ 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度等度量词或短语作主语时，常看作整体概念，谓单： 　　Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 　　Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。 　　Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 ⑸ 表加减乘除的数学运算做主语，谓单： Three plus two is five. 　　Five minus four is one. Three times two is six. Eight divided by four is two. ⑹ each A and each B 和 every A and every B 作主语，谓单： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 　 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 ⑺ one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓单： 　　One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 ⑻ 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓单： 　　To see is to believe 　眼见为实。 　　Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。Who will be our English teacher is unknown. ⑼ a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓单： 　　A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 ⑽ 主语为某些词组，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball. ⑾ 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓单： 　　Is everyone here today. 　　Something is wr