【优质】DiabetesConfusionHowtoDevelopaPreliminaryTreatmentPlan.pptVIP

Diabetes Confusion : How to Develop a Preliminary Treatment Plan Presented by Deborah Gruver MSN, FNP-BC Work: Aspirus Keweenaw Hospital Location: Laurium, MI 49913 Phone: 906-337-6587 Email: dgruver@ What is Diabetes It is a disease where blood sugar levels in the blood are too high. Definition of Diabetes Definition A chronic disease with abnormalities in: Metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, fat and insulin (resulting in hyperglycemia). Structure and function of blood vessels and nerves (resulting in complications). Regulation of Blood Glucose Concentration Beta cells – secrete insulin Alpha cells – produce hormone glucagon Delta cells – inhibit release of both insulin and glucagon Insulin and glucagon regulate blood sugar concentrations When working properly the following occurs: Regulation of High Blood Glucose We all just ate our beta cells should be responding to the rising blood sugar levels by now. Insulin signals other tissues muscle and adipose to take in glucose If the glucose is not used for energy it is stored in adipose tissue. Result lowered blood sugars Regulation of Low Blood Sugars Now if you had missed supper before this presentations: If blood sugars are low alpha cells in the pancreas are stimulated to release glucagon from the pancreas which stimulates the liver to release glucose for energy. Homeostasis is maintained. Regulation of Blood Glucose Definition of Pre-diabetes Also known as impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose tolerance, This is an in between stage that can last up to 10 to 12 years where your pancreas is producing large amounts of insulin trying to overcome insulin resistance eventually wearing down. Life style changes important here. Types of Diabetes: Type 1 Previously called “IDDM”, “Type I”, Juvenile onset” 5 – 10% of those with diabetes Genetic predisposition: autoimmune response that destroys the insulin producing cells in the pancreas Usually 35 of years or younger Symptoms