Mobile_Communication.pptVIP

New Technology, 3G Reyking Ong, BSS Planning What is wireless The term “wireless” refers to transmission through air, vacuum or water without any physical connection. Categories of Wireless Networks WPANs (Wireless Personal Area Networks) IEEE 802.15 standards eg.: bluetooth WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks) IEEE 802.11x standard (a, b, g) eg.: Wi-Fi (802.11b), Europe’s HiperLAN WMANs (Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks) IEEE 802.16, ETSI HiperMAN standards WWANs (Wireless Wide Area Networks) GSM, CDMA, …… Examples of applications (1/2) Person to person communication (e.g., voice, SMS) Person to server (e.g., telebanking) Vehicles position via GPS local ad-hoc network with vehicles close-by to prevent accidents, guidance system, adaptive cruise control transmission of news, road condition, weather, music via Digital Audio Broadcasting vehicle data transmitted for maintenance Disaster situations replacement of a fixed infrastructure in case of earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc. Military networks Typical application: road traffic Examples of applications (2/2) Traveling salespeople direct access to customer files stored in a central location consistent databases for all agents mobile office Replacement of fixed networks Sensors trade shows networks LANs in historic buildings Entertainment, education, ... outdoor Internet access travel guide with up-to-date location dependent information ad-hoc networks for multi user games Location-dependent advertising Q2：Could you tell us some mobile devices? Mobile devices Wireless networks in comparison to fixed networks Higher data loss-rates due to notably to interferences Restrictive regulations of frequencies Lower transmission rates Higher jitter Lower security (higher vulnerability) Radio link permanently shared ? need of sophisticated MAC Fluctuating quality of the radio links Unknown and variable access points ? authentication procedures Unknown location of the mobile station ? mobility management Wireless Networ