prb综述.docVIP

introduction Perhaps no recent remedial technology has generated as much interest as the use of subsurface permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). This is due to the perceived PRB cost/divide benefit ratio and the potential of PRBs to mitigate the spread of contaminants that have proven difficult and expensive to manage with other cleanup methods.The concept of aPRB is relatively simple. Reactive material is placed in the subsurface where a plume of contaminated ground water must move through it as it flows, typically under its natural gradient (creating a passive treatment system) and treated water comes out the other side (Figure 1). The PRB is not a barrier to the water, but it is a barrier to the contaminant. When properly designed and implemented, PRBs are capable of remediating a number of contaminants to regulatory concentration goals. It is currently believed that these systems, once installed, will have extremely low, if any, maintenance costs for at least five to ten years. There should be no operational costs other than routine compliance and performance monitoring. 2 分类 PRB can be divided into two kinds The Continuous PRB and Funnel-and-Gate PRB Permeable Reactive Barrier Design The Continuous PRB continuous PRBs have relatively minimal impact on the natural ground-water flow conditions at a site. The type of continuous PRB most commonly being installed is simply a trench that has been excavated and backfilled with granular Fe. The continuous design incorporates no funnels and, therefore, allows the water to pass through the barrier under its natural gradient and at its natural flow velocity. As a result, a continuous PRB only needs to cover an area comparable to the cross-sectional area of the plume. The ground-water flow velocity through the PRB will be very similar to the velocity in the aquifer. Ideally the continuous PRB is built to a depth that somewhat over-encompasses the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the contaminant plu