博士生英语考试(第一学期).docVIP

天津师范大学考试试卷 2001 — 2002 学年第一学期期末考试试卷（ A 卷） 科目： 博士生英语 学院： 专业： 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 总分 分数 I. Listening Comprehension: (15%) Directions: Listen to the passage and then fill in the blanks numbered from (1) to (7) with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from (8) to (10) fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Psychologists have been interested in the processes of learning and forgetting since the early days of the discipline. The researcher who (1)________ this field, Hermann Ebbinghaus, invented the nonsense syllable in order to be able to (2) ________ 損ure?learning, that is, learning free of meaning, and the (3) ________ tat which we forget. He served as his own (4) ________ and learned an (5) ________number of lists of nonsense syllables. He used material with little or no meaning because he was aware that learning new information is (6) ________ by what we already know. He decided to create learning situations that were free of (7) ________ knowledge. The way that we forget is highly predictable, following what psychologists call the forgetting curve. When we acquire knowledge, much of our forgetting occurs right away. (8) ________ over half of the nonsense material he learned was forgotten within an hour. Although he forgot within a day almost two thirds of the material he learned, retention of the material did not decline much beyond that period. (9) ________ Ebbinghaus’s forgetting curve is actually much more dramatic than a forgetting curve would be for meaningful material. When the learner is able to connect new information with old information, he still might forget what was learned, but (10) ________. II. Vocabulary: (25%): A. Directions: Fill in the blanks with words chosen from the box. Change forms where necessary. There are more words than necessary. enrich awaken prevail priority urge eligible credit external induce