2011秋季学期 新兴材料(双语)Advanced Materials 01190690 08级 课件 Chapter 2.ppt

Month 00, 0000 Title of Presentation (Edit using View Menu Header and Footer) ? Thermal tempering process used extensively for side/rear glazing in cars cutting shaping heatingT Tg2-4 min glasssheet quenchingwith air jet How the surface -?r was generated ??kg (thermal conductivity) of the glasses contraction of core regions is restrained by the cooled  rigid outer layers outer layer ? -?r core region ? +?r ? Chemical strengthening/toughening more versatile, suitable for unusual shapeslonger process time (ion exchange and diffusion are involved) How the surface -?r was generated ? Cs ≠ Ccore ?s? ?core chemicalprocessing surface ? -?r core ? +?r In LT chemical strengthening large ions from molten salt displace smaller ions from the surfaces of immersed glass, causing them to expand. cooling Laminated glass - a composite Interlayer materials PVB (Polyvinyl butyrate) film It deforms elastically, absorbs impact energy and holds glass fragments in place, reducing the risk of facial lacerations. Role of the interlayer Manufacturing method alternative to toughening glasses to interleave two matched sheets of ‘float’ glass with an interlayer of plastic, nearly 1 mm thick. The manufacture of laminated glass demands cleanliness so that the PVB will bond strongly to the glass. Chapter 2 Ceramics and glasses 2.6 The time-dependency of strength  in ceramics and glasses Time-dependency of ceramics glasses Types of crack growth ? fast crack growth - occur in conventional bend test necessary condition ? crack reaches a critical size ? slow/delayed crack growth occur in a stressed ceramic over a long period of time ? Lcrack Lc , slow propagation of a sub-critical crack Nature of the delayed crack growth customarily expressed by plotting crack velocity (V ) against the stress intensity factor (KI) Slow crack growth - a thermally-activated processEffect of T is very significant ! ? region I n = 10-100n? ? slow crack growth? ? reg