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Understanding words/phrases 是一种很重要的应试技巧.在诸多的英语测试中,几乎都包含有判断生词或关键词词义的题目.如: 1) In Line...the word...could best be replaced by which of the following? ?2) According to the author the word ...means __________. ?3) By word ... the author means __________. 4) Which of the following is nearest/ closest in meaning to ... ? ?那么,怎样来理解生词的词义呢?这种技巧大体可分为两大类:一类是通过上下文理解词义,另一类是根据生词本身的特点推测词义. 1. 以定义为线索词义. ? (1) 以to be(是),mean(意指),refer to(指的是)为线索猜测词义. ? [例] Ventilation, as you know , is a system or means of providing fresh air . It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. ??? ? (2) 以be defined as (被定义为),be known as (被称为),be called (被称为),be termed (被定义为)，be, mean, in other words, that is, namely, or, refer to 等结构为线索猜测生词词义. 斜体、黑体；标点将定义词和中性词用逗号、冒号、破折号、括号等隔开 ??? [例] A person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as a paragon. ? (3) 以定语从句为线索理解词义.在很多情况下,定语从句直接给出了某一生词的定义,所以,以定语从句为线索猜测词义也是一个行之有效的猜词方法. [例] He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks. ? (4) 以标点符号为线索理解词义. ? 作者有时利用标点符号,如括号、冒号、破折号等为一些生词直接提供定义或解释,这些符号无疑为读者理解或猜测生词词义提供了很好的线索. ? [例] Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind)normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet)day, but not necessarily in the summer. ? The textbook glossary is a list of its special terms and definitions. Experts in Kinesics, in their study of body motion as related to speech, hope to discover new methods of communication. Carry-on luggage can fit either under the seat or in a special compartment(enclosed space) above the seats over the heads of the passengers. In terms of personality, much is being written today of androgyny, the combination of feminine and masculine traits that are found in every individual. Some problems can best be solved by a strategy call an algorithm: a precisely stated set of rules that usually works for solving problems of a particular type. When there is only one producer, and no