Ethernet.ppt.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * Compare and Contrast the Use of Ethernet Switches versus Hubs in a LAN. Switch Operation Learning Aging Flooding Selective Forwarding Filtering Learning As each frame enters the switch, the switch examines the source MAC address. If no entry already exists in the MAC table for that address, it creates a new entry for that MAC address and pairs it with the port it came in on. Aging After an entry is made in the MAC table, a procedure begins a countdown, using the timestamp as the beginning value. After the value reaches 0, the entry in the table is aged out and is removed from the MAC table. Flooding If the switch does not have a MAC address entry in its MAC table that matches the destination MAC address of a received frame, the switch will flood the frame. Flooding involves sending a frame to all ports except the port on which the frame arrived. Selective Forwarding Selective Forwarding is the process of examining the destination MAC address of a frame and forwarding it out the appropriate port. This is the central function of a switch and what differentiates it from a hub. Filtering In some cases, a frame is not forwarded in a process called filtering. Used if CRC fails, flooding, and for security. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table used in a computer to store IPv4 address - MAC address combinations The ARP table caches the mapping for the devices on the local LAN Explain the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) process. Mapping IP to MAC Addresses Explain the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) process. ARP – Destinations Outside the Local Network Proxy ARP Used in problem of getting packets outside local networks Using proxy ARP, a router interface acts as if it is the host with the IPv4 address requested by the ARP request. By “faking” its identity, the router accepts responsibility for routing packets to the “real” destination. Useful if source device cannot tell if its on same network as destination (older IPv4), or is not configur