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A promise that is so indefinite and uncertain that it cannot be enforced cannot be consideration. 允诺是不确定的，无常的 所以它是不能够被强制执行和给予对价的。 If a person promises not to do something that he or she has no right to do in the first place, it is not consideration. 如果一个人承诺不做某事，首先他或她就没有权利去做。这个不是对价。 Consideration is also not present where a person does something that he or she is already legally obligated to do. Where a promise is made to do something as a result of moral obligations, many courts take the position that there is no legal consideration. 当他或她是因为法律上的责任区做某事的时候，对价就不存在了。当时因为道德上义务承诺去做某事的时候，大多数法庭认为是没有法律上的对价的。 V. (禁止反言) Estoppel based on reliance Feinberg 芬伯格法伊弗芬伯格办公室经理 副财务主任 芬伯格芬伯格芬伯格[gratu·i·ty ||遣散费】 and notified Feinberg that her payments would be reduced to $100 per month. Feinberg refused to accept the reduced amount and Pfeiffer terminated【[ter·mi·nate |终止】all payments. 几年之后新任的法伊弗公司的主席认为这些钱只是遣散费，提醒芬伯格芬伯格 pen??n]退休金芬伯格法庭法庭芬伯格芬伯格芬伯格[indju:s] 诱导作用】or forbearance of a definite and substantial character on the part of the promisee and which does induce such action or forbearance is binding if injustice can be avoided only by enforcement of the promise, even if the promise was given without consideration. Past performance is not valid consideration to support a promise. 允诺的不容否定?mpl]充足的】 evidence to support the trial court’s findings that Feinberg would not have terminated her employment if she had not known and relied on Pfeiffer’s promise to pay her $200 per month for life, and that Feinberg relied on the continued receipt of the monthly pension. 上诉法庭认为有足够的证据去支持法庭的判决。芬伯格[detrim?nt] 损失】 to the promisee. 对价可能对允诺者是一个利益而对受允诺者是个损失 The court held that the doctrine of promissory estoppel supported Feinberg’s action. The action that was induced was Feinberg’s retirement from a lucrative 【[lu:kr?tiv] 赚钱的】position in reliance on Pfeiffer’s promise to pay her a pension. Feinberg justifiably relied on Pfeiffer’s promise by retiring earlier than she planned. 法庭认为允诺的不容