《2015高中英语语法过关含解析课件13：句式结构》.pptVIP

(十三)句式结构 一、祈使句 1.祈使句的否定式是在句首原形动词前加don’t或never。 Please don’t forget to take your medicine. 2.祈使句的反义疑问句是在句末加“will you？”。 Have another piece of cake，will you? Don’t make any noise，will you? 3.祈使句前加助动词do用来加强语气。 Do turn off the light before you leave. 4.祈使句可以带主语。 (1)为了加强语气或特别指明向谁提出要求或发出命令时，需加上 主语“you”，有时还可同时加上称呼语。 Tom，you water the flowers! (2)命令或吩咐几个人分头做几件事情时，祈使句需带主语“you”。 You，girls，clean the desks，you，boys，sweep the floor. (3)表达“不高兴、厌烦”等情绪时，可带主语“you”。 You mind your own business！你少管闲事！ (4)祈使句的主语还可用“everybody，everyone，somebody， somone，nobody”或第三人称。 Someone answer the phone！谁去接一下电话！ 5.以Let’s或Let us开头的祈使句。 Let’t get down to work，shall_we? Let us calm down，will_you? 6.构成句式：祈使句＋and/or＋简单句。 Make a move and I’ll shoot. (＝If you make a move，I’ll shoot.) Go away，or I will call the police. (＝If you don’t go away，I will call the police.) 二、感叹句 1.基本句式 (1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语 What a clever boy he is! (2)What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语 What fine weather we are having today! (3)What＋形容词＋复数名词＋主语＋谓语 What beautiful flowers these are! (4)How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语 How high the mountain is! 2.特殊句式 (1)How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语 How difficult a problem it is! (2)How＋主语＋谓语 How we love our motherland! 三、there be句型 1.There be句型是一种特殊句式，表示“在什么地方存在什么人或 事物”。在此句式中，be是谓语动词，be后面的名词是主语。 There is a tall tree in front of the classroom. There are many desks and chairs in the room. 2.there be句式中的be有时可用seem to be，happen to be，used to be，have to be等替代。 There seems to be something wrong with me. There used to be a cinema here before the war. 3.there be句式中的be可用remain，live，stand，lie，exist等不及 物动词替代。 There remains nothing more to be done. No one knows exactly if there exist other living things in the universe. 4.there be句式有时可用于非谓语动词中，有两种形式：there being和there to be。 There being no further business，I declared the meeting closed. 由于没有其他事情，我宣布散会。 I don’t want there to be another conflict. 我不希望再有冲突发生。 5.