植草型生态护岸水力特性试验研究.pdf

41 2010 10 钟春欣, 张 玮 (河海大学 港口海岸与近海工程学院, 江苏 南京 210098) : 为研究不同水流条件下植草型生态护岸上的植被表面曼宁糙率 数和 D arcy-W eisbach阻力 数的变化规律, 在室内大流速水槽内模拟河道径流对草皮护坡进行了冲刷模型试验试验结果 显示: ( 1)试验所选用的狗芽根( Cynodon dactylon) 及高羊茅( Festuca arundinacea)的曼宁糙率值在 0025 0090范围内; ( 2)植被表面曼宁糙率 数随流速的增大而减小, 当流速超过 4 m /s时, 糙率值稳定 在 0025 0035之间, 在某一稳定流量下, 植被表面曼宁糙率值首先随冲刷历时的增加而递减, 而 后逐渐趋于稳定, 并在护坡破坏时发生突增; ( 3) Darcy-W eisbach阻力 数不仅与植被的种类及生长 状况有关, 而且和植被的平均瞬时弯曲高度与水力半径的比值有关, 随着水流流速及历时的增加阻力 数也随之减小 : 草皮护坡; 岸坡冲刷; 曼宁糙率 数; Darcy-W eisbach阻力 数; 试验研究 : TV 143 : A : 1000-0860( 2010) 10-0022-05 E xper im en tal research on hydrau lic characteris tics of eco-bank protection covered w ith grass ZHONG Chunxin, ZHANGW ei ( College ofH arbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, H ohaiUn iversity, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Ch ina) A bstrac t: To study the varying ru les of theM anning roughness coefficient and the Darcy-W eisbach friction factor of the eco-bank protection covered w ith grass under the d ifferent flow cond itions, a scouring model test is m ade in laboratory to smi u late the scouring from the river runoff on the grass covered bank protection w ith a flum e of large flow velocityThe resu lt show s that ( 1) theM ann ing roughness coefficients of both Cynodon dactylon and Festuca arund inacea selected for the test are w ith in a range of 0025 0090; ( 2) theM anning roughness coefficient of the vegetation surface is to be reduced along w ith the increase of the flow velocity and the roughness coefficient is to be kept betw een 0025 and 0035w hen the flow velocity is over 4 m / s, under a stable flow rate, the roughness coefficient is to be decreased along w ith the increase of the scouring duration at first, and then goes to be stab le