纤毛鹅观草与多枝赖草属间杂种的形态学和细胞学研究.pdf

纤毛鹅观草与多枝赖草属间杂种的形态学和细胞学研究 农学院 农学专业 王 益 （指导教师：周永红 教 授） 摘 要 为研究纤毛鹅观草Roegneria ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski （StY 染色体组）与多枝赖 草 Leymus multicaulis (Kar. Kir.) Tzvel.（NsXm 染色体组）的亲缘关系，将纤毛鹅 观草与多枝赖草进行了人工杂交，获得杂种 F 。对亲本及杂种 F 花粉母细胞减数分 1 1 裂染色体配对行为、繁育特性和形态特征进行了比较分析，结果表明：(1)杂种 F1 的许多形态特征介于父母本之间；（2）花粉完全不育，结实率为0；(3)杂种F 花粉 1 母细胞减数分裂中期 I 的染色体配对低，其构型为：23.5 I + 0.37 II（环状）+ 1.92 II（棒状），C-值为0.16。因此，纤毛鹅观草与多枝赖草的染色体不同源。 关键词 纤毛鹅观草；多枝赖草；亲缘关系；减数分裂 Morphology and cytology of intergeneric hybrid between Roegneria ciliaris and Leymus multicaulis WANG Yi, ZHOU Yong-hong, ZHANG Hai-qin Abstract In order to determine the genome relationships between Roegneria ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski (StY) and Leymus multicaulis (Kar. Kir.) Tzvel. (NsXm), R. ciliaris was crossed with L. multicaulis,and the hybrids were obtained successfully. Morphology, fertility and chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of the parents and their hybrids F1 were investigated. The results showed that obvious morphological differences between R. ciliaris and L. multicaulis . Spikes of the F plants were intermediate between the parental 1 species. The hybrids were completely sterile. Chromosome pairing at MI of PMCs in F1 hybrids was quite low. Meiotic configurations were 23.5 univalents + 0.37 ring bivalents + 1.92 rod bivalents, with a C-value of 0.16. The results indicated that there is no homologous genomes between R. ciliaris and L. multicaulis . Key words Roegneria ciliaris ；Leymus multicaulis ；Relationships ；Meiosis 小麦族Triticeae Dumortier物种的属、种间杂交，并进行染色体组分析是研究 各属、种间生物系统学的重要方法。属、种间杂种在减数分裂期间染色体配对的规 律性，反映了物种