Coupled Map Modeling for Cloud Dynamics.pdfVIP

Coupled Map Modeling for Cloud Dynamics Tatsuo Yanagita ∗ 6 Institute of Electronic Science, 9 Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan 9 1 p and e S Kunihiko Kaneko † 6 2 Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2 University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan v 1 1 0 9 0 Abstract 6 9 / A coupled map model for cloud dynamics is proposed, which consists of the n y d successive operations of the physical processes; buoyancy, diffusion, viscosity, adi- - o abatic expansion, fall of a droplet by gravity, descent flow dragged by the falling a h c droplet, and advection. Through extensive simulations, the phases corresponding : v i to stratus, cumulus, stratocumulus and cumulonimbus are found, with the change X r of the ground temperature and the moisture of the air. They are characterized by a order parameters such as the cluster number, perimeter-to-area ratio of a cloud, and Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy. PACS# 47.52.+j, 92.40.Cy, 92.60.Jq Cloud dynamics plays an important role in the climate system, weather forecast, geo- physics and so on. However this elementary process in meteorology is very much compli- cated because it consists of different time and space scales and the phase transition from liquid to gas is coupled with the motion of atmosphere. Even if the flow of the atmo- sphere were known with accuracy using Navier-Stokes equation,