Epidemiology and Quantitative Risk Assessment-A Bridge from Science to Policy英文资料.pdfVIP

Public Health Policy Forum Epidemiology and Quantitative Risk Assessment: A Bridge from Science to Policy Irva Hertz-Picciotto, PhD Introduction vidual epidemiological studies as to their adequacy for use in dose-response ex- Quantitative risk assessment pro- trapolation. This framework includes cri- vides the formalized scientific input to teria that address both validity and utility agencies that set occupational or environ- and provides two possible roles for epide- mental standards for regulating toxic miological data in dose-response assess- exposures. As currently practiced, risk ment. Implementation of these guidelines assessment relies primarily on animal would ensure appropriate use of epidemio- data coupled with statistical extrapolation logical data, reduce uncertainty in risk models. Use of epidemiological data for estimates, and contribute to a more quantitative risk assessment has received rational decision-making process. Al- scant attention in regulatory documents, though I focus on carcinogenic response, while in the peer-reviewed literature, the principles apply, with only minor some chemical risk assessments using modification, to other health endpoints. human data have been published but The use of epidemiological data in hazard rarely has a discussion of principles ap- identification is not addressed, nor is peared. A US Environmental Protection reconciliation of conflicting studies or Agency program on improving health risk methods to combine studies in dose- assessment essentially ignored epidemio- response assessment. logic data. Several documents address criteria for q