形容词副词与时态专题.docVIP

V 形容词和副词及其比较结构和特殊用法 形容词层迭修饰时的顺序?e.g. a charming big round old black Italian oak writing desk 副词 兼有两种形式的副词的不同意义和用法 Clean/ cleanly, clear/ clearly, close/ closely, dead/ deadly, direct/ directly, easy/ easily, fair/ fairly, firm/ firmly, free/ freely, high/ highly, just/ justly, late/ lately, sharp/ sharply 副词在词组中可以修饰动词、形容词、副词、限定词、名词，大多作前置修饰语，但enough 例外 e.g. She cooks well enough. He didn’t run fast enough. hardly/ barely/ scarcely：三个词在意义上都接近于否定。 Hardly 着重于强调某种困难，scarcely 含有“几乎没有，接近最低限度, 不足”的意思，两者都可与any, ever, at all 连用：He has hardly any money. /I hardly ever go out. /There were scarcely twenty people there. (那儿连20个人都没有) Barely 意为“仅仅，几乎不能”： She was barely 15 when she won her first championship. nearly/ almost/ quite/ rather almost强调“差一点……就”（=very nearly）,可用于no, none, nothing等前面，但不能用not修饰nearly表示“接近”常可与almost换用，not修饰nearly 意为“远非”，“远不及”。 e.g. Almost no one (=Hardly anyone) believes her. There is not nearly enough (much too little) food for all these people. ’s quite a story. She’s rather a fool. 比较结构 as…as: the same as almost/ just/ nearly as…as as many+pl. n+as, as much+U+as, as adj. a/an+ singl. n+as half/ twice/ three times as…as （the size/number/price of…） e.g. She has written as many essays as her brother (has). He took as much butter as he needed. I don’t want as expensive a car as this. She gave me twice the number of cards I asked for. 2) not so much…as It wasn’t so much his appearance I liked as his personality. (与其说…不如说…) It wasn’t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn’t interested. 3) 含有than的结构 a. 比较同一类事物时，要用other 把其排除在其他同类事物之外 e.g. The film is much more interesting than all the other ones. b. 除了表示比较含义之外，more…than结构还有另外的含义: He is more a scholar than a businessman. (He is a scholar rather than a businessman.) c. no more than: 仅仅； 和…一样都不 (no better than; no richer than; no bigger than; no later than, etc.) I am no more than 30 this year. = I’m only/ just 30 this year. Mary is no more beautiful than Jane. 玛丽和珍一样都不漂亮。