《Grouting techniques for the unfavorable geological conditions of Xiang’an subsea tunnel in China》.pdfVIP

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 6 (2014) 438 e446 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering journal homepage: Full length article Grouting techniques for the unfavorable geological conditions of Xiang’an subsea tunnel in China * Dingli Zhang, Qian Fang , Haicheng Lou Key Laboratory for Urban Underground Engineering of the Education Ministry, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: One of the major challenges during subsea tunnel construction is to seal the potential water inflow. The Received 4 May 2014 paper presents a case study of Xiang’an subsea tunnel in Xiamen, the first subsea tunnel in China. During Received in revised form its construction, different grades of weathered geomaterials were encountered, which was the chal- 16 June 2014 lenging issue for this project. To deal with these unfavorable geological conditions, grouting was adopted Accepted 3 July 2014 as an important measure for ground treatment. The grouting mechanism is first illustrated by intro- Available online 16 September 2014 ducing a typical grouting process. Then the site-specific grouting techniques employed in the Xiang’an subsea tunnel are elaborated. By using thi