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opecialTopic
LatticeVectorQuantizationAppliedtoSpeechandAudioCoding
MiniieXie
codewordyJandisgivenas FrOm analgebraicstandpoint.anN-dimensionallatticeANis
acollectionofvectorsythatformsagroupunderordinary
= {∈厅 :d( )d( ),i≠/} (3)
vectoradditioninR .thatIs.
N
whered( )=lI =∑(xk--yik),,=1,2,3,…, A~={J,fY=k +k +k3 +…+ VN} (5)
K=1
istheminimum—squarederrorandisusedasthedistortion wherekl,k2,k3, ,kNareintegers,and , , ,...,VNare
measureofquantization. linearlyindependentvectorsin疗 [4】.
Thecodewords areusuallyrepresentedbytheirindicesi, ThesimplestIatticeistheintegerJatticeZ~inwhichaIItheN
whichareusedfortransmissionorstorage.A vectorquantizer componentsofthelatticepointsareintegers.Another
QisspecifiedbyC, ,andtheindexingof . importantlattice, ,consistsofthelatticepointsof ,which
TherateR of0 ismeasuredinbitsperdimensionandis haveintegercomponentswithaneven—componentsum:
givenby
: {(,, )∈ I1;N:even} (6)
= lOg TheGossetlattice已 isawe knownIatticein8
dimensionsandisdefinedastheunionoftheD latticeand
Thisratecanbeusedtomeasuretheaccuracyof
quantizationVectorquantizersaretraditionallydesignedby thecosetO{e+(丢,丢,吾,丢,吾,丢,吾,丢)}lTheG。sset
usingK-meansorLinde—Buzo—Gray(LBG)clustering latticeisgivenby
algorithms【1]l[3].Theconv
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