Constant Power Control of DFIG Wind Turbines With Supercapacitor Energy Storage .pdfVIP

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 47, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2011 359 Constant Power Control of DFIG Wind Turbines With Supercapacitor Energy Storage Liyan Qu, Member, IEEE , and Wei Qiao, Member, IEEE Abstract—With the increasing penetration of wind power into with wind power by 2030 [1]. In the U.S., according to a report electric power grids, energy storage devices will be required to [2] by the Department of Energy, it is feasible to supply 20% dynamically match the intermittency of wind energy. This paper of the nation’s electricity from wind by 2030. At such high proposes a novel two-layer constant power control scheme for a wind farm equipped with doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) levels of penetration, it will become necessary to require WTGs wind turbines. Each DFIG wind turbine is equipped with a su- to supply a desired amount of active power to participate in percapacitor energy storage system (ESS) and is controlled by the automatic generation control or frequency regulation of the grid low-layer wind turbine generator (WTG) controllers and coordi- [3]. However, the intermittency of wind resources can cause nated by a high-layer wind farm supervisory controller (WFSC). high rates of change (ramps) in power generation [4], which The WFSC generates the active power references for the low-layer WTG controllers according to the active power demand from or is a critical issue for balancing power systems. Moreover, to generation commitment to the grid operator; the low-layer WTG optimize the economic performance of power systems with controllers then regulate e